Lesson 4 - Vizcaino

 This is our last Spanish explorer by ship.  Vizciano was not so much an explorer as a setteler.  He was charged with the task of scoping out Alto California and if he found a good spot, to start a settlement.  This is a definite shift in the attitude of Spain.  They aren't just visiting and trading, but moving in.  Again, 

“Exploration of the California Coast” by Clarissa Aykroyd has a whole chapter devoted to Vizcaino and introduces Junipero Serra and the California Missions.  Here is where we transition into the Missions. This book is the only one at our library that has anything on Vizciano in the Children's section.  I am sure there is more info if you want to go dig it out of a research book and then teach your student from your own notes.  If this is your thing - GO FOR IT!  Otherwise, I think he is important enough to mention because he is the first one to come to Alto California with the intent of settling, but he is minor enough that I am not going to put my effort here.  We are marching on.

ACTIVITIES:

Take notes of your reading.  Use the note sheet that you created in Lesson 1 of this unit.

Take one of those larger houses that I warned you about in the overview and glue it to your map of San Diego to represent the first mission.  Later we will add more missions as we travel up El Camino Real.

Lesson 3: Sir Francis Drake - Pirate for the Queen!

Here you go!  This is a fun one.  Enjoy.  The same book:  “Exploration of the California Coast” by Clarissa Aykroyd, devotes a chapter of easy reading to Drake and his exploits.  There is also a bunch of information online if you want to google it.  Our library has a ton of children's books on Drake.  One that looks interesting and I may just give in and go get it is: "You would not want to explore with Sir Francis Drake" by David Salariya.  Remember to have fun.  There are so many possibilities here, your imagination is the limit.  Please post any ideas that you might have for the rest of us to share.

 Extension Questions:
 

Was Drake's piracy right or wrong?  Why?  Based on what?

How did his piracy affect Spain & England and the war?  How might history have been different if Spain had received all of that wealth?  What might the world look like today?  What about California?  Might it be different now?  Why?

If you are coming at this from a Christian perspective: How did God use Drake?  Can you see God's hand affecting his travels?  Did God block some areas of exploration and not others?  Why? 

Activities:

Take notes of your reading.  Use the note sheet that you created in Lesson 1 of this unit.

Time Line:  June 17, 1579 Drake landed in a harbor in CA. 

Make a British flag and put it on a toothpick.  Add it to your map in Drake's Bay or  San Francisco Bay.

Lesson 2 - Cabrillo

Today we get to learn about Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo.  Again, I used the book  “Exploration of the California Coast” by Clarissa Aykroyd.  There is a whole chapter on him and his exploration up the coast of California.  It is a nice easy read.  You can decide what information you want your student to find as you read and then make a note sheet to fill out.  My son and I did this little task together.  It helped him to know what information he was looking for.  We included - Birth: when/where, Death: when/where/how, Where explored, Interaction with which native tribes, How did he treat them, etc.  You get the idea.  What ever information that you deem important. 

ACTIVITIES:
Take notes of your reading.  Use the note sheet that you created in Lesson 1 of this unit.

Time line - 1542 Cabrillo explores California
                 1543 Cabrillo dies (optional)

Dust off that topographical map that your student made at the beginning of the year.

Make a couple of Spanish flags and put them in San Diego and Monterey - where Cabrillo landed.  

This is a good chance to do map making. Have your child make a map of their neighborhood. They can explore, make notes and map it out. Is there a park where you live? Maybe after they make their map they can chart their walk to the park just like the early explorers. Is it confusing? Now do you understand how the Spanish could have thought that maybe California was an island? Or why they would have thought that there might be a water way through North America? You don't know until you look. Have fun with this. It doesn't have to be perfect, or even right. The Spanish weren't right either. This is about learning and understanding.

Another thing that we did was to write a poem or rhyme covering Cabrillo's explorations and where he went.  This would be great to incorporate into your poem unit for composition.  By putting dates into the poem it will help cement it into their minds.  We have already done the poem section for composition so I let him just make up a rhyme or lymric.  We worked on it together to make it fun.

Lesson 1 Cortez

Today's Study is on Cortez.  Talk about his conquest of Mexico and further exploration. You can use the book  “Exploration of the California Coast” by Clarissa Aykroyd for part of this.  Our library has a book called "Cortez and the conquest of Mexico by the Spaniards in 1521" by Bernal Diaz del Castillo.  It is an abridged version of an eyewitness account.  The book is in the Children's section, so I imagine it is a pretty easy read.  I haven't actually looked at it though.  Check out your local library and see what you can find.  I used our regular 4th grade text book and just read through the one chapter.  Not too deep but it gave us the basic idea.  Using CAVA's curriculum for the past 5 years, we studied Cortez last year so my son already had an idea about his transactions with the natives in Mexico and the bloodbath that followed.  We didn't really go into that here, we talked more about his exploration and the Spanish Galleons.

Activities:

Don't forget your timeline!  Let's take the time to mark important dates.

 

Unit 3 – Early Exploration & Settlement

In this unit we are starting in on the European involvement in our state history. There is a lot to cover but resources can be hard to come by. As I write this I am in a bit of a time crunch – having just come off of the holidays and running a bit behind. I am going to go through this more lightly that I had originally planned. Feel free though to take your time and dig deeper. If you are in Southern California there are probably monuments etc to go see. Take advantage of this! Go see them and talk about what it must have been like to see this area for the first time. If you are in other parts of our state, then go out into the more rural parts. Up in the hills or to a park where you can see what the trees were like and the terrain was like. Imagine you are an explorer and have to carry all your supplies. There is no real “end spot” or “destination” to your trip. How does that feel? What is that like? If the weather is good and you are so inclined, this would be a great time for a local backpacking trip. Keep it close and simple. It doesn't have to be through Destination Wilderness or anything. Hike from one side of the hill to the other and maybe spend the night outside. These are just ideas. Again, have fun!

In this unit we will cover:

Study British

- put British flag on topographical map

- is there a monument in SF to go see?

Study Spanish explorers

  - who and why

  - add flags

  -forts

       - fort field trip

Study Russians

  -add forts to to pographical map with Russian flag.

  - field trip to Fort Ross

A quick note about Fort Ross. They have an awesome program for schools it is an overnight program. The problem is that you have to sign up for it a year in advance and have to have a group to go! If you are in the middle of 4^th grade now, it will be too late. If you live near by, go for it! Otherwise, it doesn't sound like there is a lot to see that makes it worth a long drive or trip. More information can be found here: http://www.fortrossstatepark.org/ Registration opens in April for the overnight trips the following school year. They are on a first come first served basis, so have your stuff together!

ABOUT EARLY EXPLORERS &PIRATES!:

Some Early Spanish Explorers were Hernan Cortez and Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo. They explored, mapped and traded with the Spanish settlement in Manilla. They had their Spanish Galleons sailing that rout for 125 years. Then came Sir Frances Drake from England. His job was to raid the Spanish ships for England. Spain and England were at war at the time and this was a major source of funding for the Spanish. Drake was so successful that one of his ships almost sank from the weight. If your child is interested in pirates – go with it! My family is descended from what we believe to be British pirates. This is an opportunity to tie my son's family tree to history. It is also fun to dig up the pirate theme. Since my son isn't totally into pirates and we took a bit of a long break over the holidays and are now a bit behind where we want to be, I just mentioned it and moved on. You could have a lot of fun here though.  There is a website that I found that has an account of Drakes voyage by Francis Pretty, One of Drake's Gentlemen at arms.  Go here: http://www.canadahistory.com/sections/news/drake1.htm  There is a whole conspiracy part to this story too.  It is said that Drake thought he found the Northwest passage and Queen Elizabeth I kept everything secret and the secret died with them all.  Now, 500 years later, the old maps and documents have been found.  Interesting stuff if you want to dig it out. 

PLACES FOR INFORMATION:

I cheated a bit here. I have a friend who teaches 4^th grade and passes on a copy of her curriculum: “History – Social Science California Studies” by Houghton Mifflin. I was having a hard time finding a lot of easy to read information on these explorers. I also ran out of time so here is my cop out. I am sure that there are good books and websites out there for information that would be much more thorough than what I did. Please feel free to post and share if you find something.

There is a book called: “Exploration of the California Coast” by Clarissa Aykroyd, that I got from the library for our next lesson. It has chapters on Cortez, Cabrillo, Drake, Vizcaino and more. This book might be a good place to start and could serve as your main research material. It is easy enough to read (for a non fiction) that the kids can take turns reading with you.

We have all imagined being explorers at one time or another in our lives. Play into this and HAVE FUN!

HEADS UP!

We are going to be gluing little houses/missions/forts etc to our map in this unit.  That means that you need to track down said houses/missions/forts etc.  Don't panic!  Hit up your local Goodwill or some such.  See what kind of games they have.  Monopoly has houses and hotels aka settlements and missions!  If all else fails, get out that leftover salt clay (or make some more) and fashion them yourselves.  Nothing fancy!  Simple and easy here, ok?

Lesson 7a Construction, Power Point & Review

This is your last house!  YAY!  Enjoy.

Go ahead and work on your power point.  This would also be a good time to look back at what you have learned this unit.  Review all of your native tribes and talk about the similarities and differences.  How did the tribes in the North Western Region live as compared to those in the Colorado River Region?  How were they similar?  How do you think these differences affected how they were treated by the Spanish and other early settlers?  This is a good time for not just review but deeper conversations about their lifestyle, history and future.  What can we learn from them?  If you are doing this from a Biblical perspective, you can talk about God's hand as well as compare them to people in the Bible.  See where your conversation takes you and enjoy your time together.

Lesson 7 The Colorado River Region

This is our last region!!!  YAY!  Don't forget to color your region on your map.  We chose to study the Mojave Indians.  Again we used "The Library of Native Americans 'The Mojave of California and Arizona'" by Jack S. Williams.  You know what to do here, so finish up. :)